Equine dental care

In this guide, we will cover:

Proper dental care is essential for your horse’s health, comfort, and performance. Horses’ teeth continuously erupt throughout their life, making routine dental maintenance crucial to prevent discomfort, weight loss, and behavioural issues.

What are the benefits of annual dental checks?

Scheduling an annual dental check with an equine dentist or veterinarian can:

  • Ensure proper chewing and digestion, preventing weight loss and colic.
  • Reduce pain and discomfort from sharp points, ulcers, or broken teeth.
  • Improve bit acceptance and overall performance in riding and training.
  • Prevent behavioral issues caused by dental pain, such as head tossing or resisting the bit.
  • Detect and address early signs of dental disease before they become severe.

Common equine dental problems

Horses can develop various dental issues that may go unnoticed without regular examinations. Some of the most common problems include:

1. Sharp enamel points

  • Horses naturally develop sharp edges on their teeth due to their chewing motion.
  • These points can cause painful ulcers on the cheeks and tongue.

2. Hooks and overgrowths

  • Uneven wear can lead to hooks or ridges on the teeth, making chewing difficult.
  • This can cause discomfort and affect feed efficiency.

3. Wolf teeth

  • Small, vestigial teeth that can cause pain when pressure is applied from the bit.
  • Often removed in young horses to prevent discomfort.

4. Malocclusions (misaligned teeth)

  • Some horses may have overbites or underbites that prevent proper chewing.
  • Can lead to difficulty in grinding feed properly, affecting digestion.

5. Tooth Fractures & Decay

  • Cracked or broken teeth can lead to infections, abscesses, and severe pain.
  • May require extraction or other dental treatments.

6. Periodontal Disease

  • Gum infections caused by trapped food and bacterial buildup.
  • Can lead to tooth loss and chronic pain.

Signs of dental problems in horses

If your horse is experiencing dental discomfort, you may notice:

  • Dropping food or excessive salivation
  • Weight loss or reluctance to eat
  • Head shaking or tilting while chewing
  • Bad breath or swelling around the jaw
  • Resistance to the bit or poor performance under saddle

Preventative care tips

  • Schedule annual dental exams with a qualified equine dentist or vet.
  • Check your horse’s mouth regularly for abnormalities.
  • Ensure proper nutrition to support dental health.
  • Monitor for signs of discomfort and act promptly if issues arise.

By prioritising your horse’s dental care, you can enhance their overall well-being, comfort, and performance for years to come.